Proposal of Educational Activities to Improve Knowledge about Breast Self-Examination

Abstract

Introduction: Currently, cancer is one of the main health challenges worldwide, with breast neoplasia being one of the most diagnosed and a significant cause of mortality. Objective: To propose educational activities to raise the level of knowledge about breast self-examination among women. Methods: An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted at Family Doctor's Office No. 10 in the municipality of Fomento, Sancti Spíritus province, during the period from January to July 2022. The population consisted of 257 women aged 20 to 64 years. Through simple random probabilistic sampling, a sample of 64 women was selected. Sociodemographic variables such as age, educational level, occupation, and level of knowledge about breast self-examination were studied. Observation, document analysis, and a questionnaire were used for data collection. Results: The 50-64 age group predominated, at 35.9%, with higher education and technical secondary education levels at 56.2% and 25%, respectively. Working women stood out at 48.4%. 85.9% of the women were unaware of how to detect breast abnormalities, and 45.3% had a low level of knowledge. Conclusions: There is a lack of preparation in key areas related to breast self-examination, suggesting the need for prioritized attention and the implementation of specific educational activities on this topic for the female population.