Educational intervention on coronary risk factors in young patients

Abstract

Introduction:

Cardiovascular diseases area global health problem, with an increasingly frequent incidence in young people.

Objective:

To evaluate the effectiveness of an educational intervention on coronary risk factors in young patients.

Methods:

An educational intervention was carried out with a quasi-experimental design, before and after, in doctor´s office No. 10, of the ¨Alex Urquiola¨ Polyclinic, in the municipality of Holguín, from January to April 2021. The sample was selected using a non-probabilistic technique, intentional by criteria, consisted of 140 patients. The variables studied were: age, sex; the knowledge of coronary risk factors, risk perception and the incidence of modifiable risk factors. An initial diagnosis was made through a survey and its effectiveness was evaluated in the last stage of the intervention and its effectiveness was evaluated in the last stage of the intervention.

Results:

The male sex predominated with  58.15 % and the age group of 40 to 45 years, 3.28  %. After the application of the instruction, 100 % of the patients knew which the coronary risk factors in young people were. Before the strategy, only 14.28 % had an adequate risk perception and then it increased to 91.42 %. 91.42 % of young people smoked and after applying the educational strategy, only 42.85% continued with the habit.

Conclusions:

The level of knowledge about cardiovascular risk factors increases, the perception of risk increases and its prevalence decreases in young patients.