Some Epidemiological and Clinical Elements Useful for Understanding Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Keywords:
obstructive sleep apnea, prevalence, risk factors, clinical characteristicsAbstract
Introduction:
Obstructive sleep apnea is a health problem not always recognized and not often diagnosed.
Objective:
Describing some epidemiological and clinical elements useful to understand obstructive sleep apnea.
Methods:
A descriptive review on obstructive sleep apnea was carried out in databases such as Pubmed, Scielo and Google Scholar. Review articles, research articles and Web pages with less than five years of publication were included, and those that were not in Spanish, Portuguese or English were excluded; 30 articles were referenced.
Conclusions:
Obstructive sleep apnea is a common disorder, especially in men, in obese people and with other associated risk factors. It is characterized by chronic intermittent hypoxia, sleep fragmentation, and systemic inflammation. It increases the risk of developing comorbidities and causing depression, cognitive impairment, sexual dysfunction, and injury or death from accidents resulting from hypersomnolence.
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