Mecanismos fisiopatológicos de la COVID – 19 sobre el sistema nervioso
Palabras clave:
SARS-CoV-2, COVID -19, fisiopatología, manifestaciones neurológicas y cognitivasResumen
Introducción:
En la actualidad, se conoce con claridad que las manifestaciones de la COVID -19 abarcan una amplia gama de trastornos neurológicos, aún no bien comprendidos.
Objetivos:
Exponer los principales tipos de alteraciones neurológicas y cognitivas asociadas a la COVID-19.
Métodos:
Se realizó una revisión sistemática en las bases de datos PubMed y Google Académico. Se incluyeron artículos con acceso gratuito al texto completo, publicados en español o inglés. Fueron excluidos estudios duplicados y cuya calidad científica fue baja, se evaluó a través de la lectura crítica y especializada. Fueron referenciados 48 artículos.
Conclusiones:
Las vías de invasión del SARS-CoV-2, postuladas hasta el momento son la hematógena y la transneuronal. Las teorías fisiopatológicas involucran diferentes mecanismos. Existen varias alteraciones neurológicas y cognitivas asociadas a la COVID-19.
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